Many of life's failures are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up.
—Thomas Edison
语法分析
who在句中引导定语从句,修饰名词people;
how在句中引导宾语从句,作动词realize的宾语;how作为连接副词,修饰其后面的形容词close, 形成搭配意义“如此接近”;
when在句中引导时间状语,其在句中的意义为“当,在......时”;
词汇分析
failure: 失败,失败者
realize: 意识到,实现
give up: 放弃
参考译文
生活中许多人失败的原因是因为当他们放弃努力的时候,他们没有意识到他们其实距离成功已经不远了。(美国发明家爱迪生)