2015年05月31日
hypothetical|ˌhaɪpəˈθetɪkl|
adjective the forefront of an action or movement: conjectural 假设的
[近义] theoretical, putative, conjectured
[反义] actual, verified, attested
[形近] hypercritical |ˌhaɪpəˈkrɪtɪkl| adjective 批评的,苛刻的
hypocritical |ˌhɪpəˈkrɪtɪkl| adjective 伪善的,伪君子的
obliterate |əˈblɪtəreɪt|
transitive verb 1. destroy utterly all trace, indication, or significance; to remove utterly from recognition or memory 清除;摧毁;忘却
[近义] extirpate, expunge, eradicate
[反义] establish, remember
transitive verb 2. to make undecipherable or imperceptible by obscuring or wearing away 掩盖
[近义] obscure, conceal
[反义] reveal
[来源] ob- = against “反对” + litera = script or letter “文字”。来自于拉丁文短语literas scribere "write across letters, strike out letters 把字母划掉"
[同根] alliteration 首字母押韵,押头韵(比如“rock and roll摇滚”, “meat and mead酒肉”, “friend or foe敌或友”)
vigilant |ˈvɪdʒɪlənt|
adjective alertly watchful especially to avoid danger 警惕的
[近义] watchful, alert, wary, chary
[反义] neglegent, absentminded, preoccupied
[衍生] vigilance |ˈvɪdʒɪləns| noun 警惕性,警觉
vigilante |ˌvɪdʒɪˈlænti| (foreign!) noun(没有官方认可的)自治治安人员(比如蝙蝠侠)
[配图] 最开始的正义联盟justice league:青灯侠,闪电侠,超人,蝙蝠侠,神奇女侠,水人,火星捕手(赞中文翻译!~)
prerogative |prɪˈrɒgətɪv|
noun an exclusive or special right, power, or privilege 特权;君权
[近义] entitlement, privilege, birthright, regality
[来源] prae- = before“在之前”+ rogare = to ask “询问,要求” 原义:“在议会中第一批投票表决的政治团体”,rogare这个字根也可以作为propose a law “提出一个法律条款”的意思
[同根] interrogate |ɪnˈterəgeɪt| transitive verb 审讯
surrogate |ˈsʌrəgət|(注意a的发音)noun 替代物
derogatory |dɪˈrɒgətɔːri| (注意重音位置) adjective 贬低的
rogue |rəʊg| noun 无赖,流氓(vagrant beggar流浪汉,取“到处巡游问人要东西”之义)
rogation |rəˈɡeɪʃn| noun (基督教祈祷日的)祈祷
arrogance |ˈærəgəns| noun 傲慢(来源于 arrogate 僭(jiàn)取:“在没有法律依据的情况下声称一块地属于自己”,引申出傲慢的意思)
abrogate |ˈæbrəgeɪt| transitive verb 废除 (ab- = away “离开” + rogare = propose a law “提出法律”)
audacious |ɔːˈdeɪʃəs|
adjective 1. contemptuous of law, religion, or decorum: insolent 傲慢的,放肆的
[近义] impudent, impertinent, insolent, presumptuous, contumelious
[反义] polite, decorous, civil, urbane
adjective 2. intrepidly daring: rash大胆的,鲁莽的
[近义] bold, intrepid, valiant, mettlesome
[反义] timid, pusillanimous, cowardly
[衍生] audacity |ɔːˈdæsəti| noun 大胆,放肆
[配图] 小黑的the audacity of hope 《放肆的希望》(赞中文翻译!)
bluff |blʌf|
noun to deter or frighten by pretense or a mere show of strength 虚张声势
[近义] charade, posturing, sham, pretense
[反义] honesty
[相关词组] to call one’s bluff 要求别人摊牌,对方吹牛被戳破。
[配图] the god of gamblers 赌神(帅啊!)
mimicry |ˈmɪmɪkri|
noun an instance of mimicking 模仿
[近义] imitation, impersonation, aping
[原形] mimic
[衍生] mimicked |ˈmɪmɪkd| adjective 被模仿的
[区分] mimic, ape, mock
discomfit |dɪsˈkʌmfɪt|
transitive verb to put into a state of perplexity and embarrassment 使窘迫,使尴尬
[近义] embarrass, abash, perturb, distress, chagrin, mortify, discombobulate
[反义] comfort, console, succor, soothe
adamant |ˈædəmənt| (注意重音位置)
adjective unshakable or insistent especially in maintaining a position or opinion 坚决的,坚定的
[近义] unwavering, unswerving, obdurate, intransigent
[反义] wavering, irresolute, equivocating
[故事] 希腊神话中最开始的天父是Uranus(乌拉诺斯,也是天王星的名字),为了防止自己的 子女反抗自己,把他们纷纷关到深渊Tartarus(塔耳塔洛斯)中。地母Gaia(盖亚)看孩子们太可怜,给最小的儿子Cronus(克洛纳斯,罗马神话Saturn就是土星)一把用adamantine的矿石制成的镰刀。后来Cronus用这把镰刀杀死了他的父亲(一说castration,并在此时出现了爱与美的化身Venus维纳斯)。
[同根] diamond |ˈdaɪəmənd| noun 钻石;【扑克】方块
[配图] 波提切利的《维纳斯的诞生》局部
endorse |ɪnˈdɔːs|
transitive verb to approve openly 支持,认可
[近义] champion, support
[反义] gainsay, dispute, disapprove
[原义] 背书(在票据背面签字,表示持该票据的人可以换钱,或者签字表示收到该票据上的金额)
[来源] en- = in “在里面” dorse = back “后面,后背” 原义“在后面写字”
[同根] dorsal |ˈdɔːsl| adjective 背部的
dossier |ˈdɒsɪə(r)| noun 卷宗
刚刚背过的单词
1
adamant
a
bold
2
audacious
b
chagrin
3
bluff
c
consent
4
discomfit
d
delude
5
endorse
e
extirpate
6
hypothetical
f
imitation
7
mimicry
g
inferrential
8
obliterate
h
intransigent
9
prerogative
i
jurisdiction
10
vigilant
j
wary