GRE词汇连载(三)

2015年05月31日

  immaculate |ɪˈmækjʊlət|

  adjective having no flaw or error完美的;perfectly clean无污迹的

  [近义] clean, unsullied, flawless, impeccable, unblemished, undefiled

  [反义] dirty, venal, blameworthy

  [来源] im- not “不”+ macula = spot, blemish “污点,斑点”

  [同根] macula lutea |ˈmækjulә lu:tiә|(视网膜上的)黄斑(黄斑中央称为中央凹,是人眼视觉*敏锐的地方)

  wanting |ˈwɒntɪŋ|

  adjective 1.not having all that is needed or expected 缺乏的,不够好的

  preposition 2. without, minus 缺失,少了一些

  [近义] deficient, devoid of, bereft of, absent

  [反义] sufficient, present

  [原形] want |ˈwɒnt| transitive verb 缺乏;intransitive verb 生活困苦

  [形近] wanton |ˈwɒntən| adjective 恶意的

  wont |wəʊnt| adjective 习惯的

  debilitate |dɪˈbɪlɪteɪt|(stress!)

  transitive verb to impair the strength of 削弱…的力量

  [近义] weaken, enfeeble, enervate, prostrate, undermine

  [反义] strength, invigorate

  [衍生] debilitating |dɪˈbɪlɪteɪtɪŋ| adjective 削弱性的

  impeccable |ɪmˈpekəbl|

  adjective free from fault or blame, flawless 无瑕疵的

  [近义] flawless, unblemished, virtuous, irreproachable

  [反义] imperfect, sinful

  [来源] im- = not “不”+ pecare = to sin “犯错”

  [同根] peccadillo |ˌpekəˈdɪləʊ| noun 过失,小错误

  peccancy |’pekәnsɪ| noun 罪,过失

  specious |ˈspiːʃəs|

  adjective 1. having a false look of truth or genuineness, appears to be true 似是而非的

  adjective 2. misleadingly attractive 华而不实的

  [近义] plausible but wrong, seemingly correct, deceptive, fallacious

  [反义] truthful, plain

  machination|ˌmækɪˈneɪʃn| (stress!)

  noun : a scheming or crafty action or artful design intended to accomplish some usually evil end 阴谋诡计

  [近义] scheming, schemes, plotting, plots, intrigues, conspiracies, ruses

  [反义] aboveboard behavoir

  [原形] machinate |ˈmækɪneɪt| verb 阴谋策划

  [形近] machinery |məˈʃiːnəri| noun 机器,机构

  [故事] Dreyfus affair 德雷福斯事件是法国近代史上重大政治丑闻和阴谋之一,是近代史上*著名的不公正事件,成为了injustice的同义词,也直接导致了社会上对于军队和国家的看法分成了两派。1894年,年轻的法国炮兵军官Alfred Dreyfus 埃尔弗莱德雷福斯(艾尔萨斯地方人,犹太人)被指控叛国罪,认为他把军事机密送到了德国大使馆。刑罚是终生监禁。1896年,证据表明其实主谋另有其人,是Ferdinand Walsin Esterhazy,但是法事法庭在两天之内判定Ferdinand无罪,并且维持了对德雷福斯的原判。消息暴露后,引起社会的强烈不满,*著名的是法国大作家左拉Emile Zola在报纸上发表的抨击檄文,标题为J’accuse (我控诉)。政府迫于压力,与1906年释放了德雷福斯,官复原职,其在一战中服役,直到1935年去世。

  arrest |əˈrest|

  transitive verb attract, hold someone’s attention 吸引

  [近义] attract, engage, engross

  [衍生] arresting |əˈrestɪŋ| adjective 引人注意的

  [他义] arrest 1. 逮捕;2. 阻止

  undergird |ˌʌndə(r)ˈgɜːd|

  transitive verb to form the basis or foundation of : strengthen 支持,加强

  [近义] buttress, support, strengthen

  [反义] undermine, subvert, sabotage, compromise

underact

verb

有克制地表演(角色);不尽力表演(角色)

undercharge

verb

要价过低

undercover

adjective

暗中进行的

undercut

verb

削弱,暗中破坏

underdog

noun

(在竞争中)处于劣势的人;(社会或政治冤案的)受害者;斗败的狗

underestimate

verb

低估

underfoot

adjective, adverb

卑下的,被蹂躏的(Arya Underfoot 见《冰与火之歌》);碍事地

undergo

transitive verb

经历, 遭受,承受

underhand

adjective, adverb

偷偷摸摸的;不光彩地

underpin

transitive verb

加固,巩固;确证

underrate

transitive verb

低估

undershore

transitive verb

支持,加强

understate

verb

(为取得更好的喜剧效果而)轻描淡写地描述

undertake

transitive verb

试图,企图;承担,接受

  thwart |θwɔːt|

  transitive verb to oppose successfully; defeat the hopes or aspirations of 阻挠,挫败

  [近义] frustrate, forestall, check, hinder, obstruct

  [反义] facilitate, enable, promote, expedite

  duplicity |djuːˈplɪsəti|

  noun the belying of one's true intentions by deceptive words or action 表里不一,欺骗性

  [近义] deception, dishonesty, fraudulence, chicanery, subterfuge, skulduggery, perfidy

  [反义] honesty, sincerity, righteous

  [来源] duplix, duplic = twofold, double 两个,双份,复式

  [同根] duplex |ˈdjuːpleks| adjective复式的

  duplicate |ˈdjuːplɪkeɪt| transitive verb 复制,复印

  [衍生] duplicitous |djuːˈplɪsətəs| adjective 骗人的

  练习

刚刚背过的单词

1

immaculate

a

collusion

2

wanting

b

cunning

3

debilitate

c

enervate

4

specious

d

enthrall

5

machination

e

unsullied

6

arrest

f

lacking

7

undergird

g

spurious

8

thwart

h

stymie

9

duplicity

i

support

  答案:

  1. e; 2. f; 3. c; 4. g; 5. a; 6. d; 7. i; 8. h; 9. b

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